Mixed Languages in China and Language Mixing Mechanism
中国境内的混合语及语言混合的机制
Résumé
The article analyzes Daohua, Wutun and Tangwang languages, considered as “mixed languages” in China. We have established a preliminary quantitative criterion for identifying “mixed languages”. We propose that syntactic borrowing is a more reliable parameter than lexical borrowing for determining whether a language is mixed. If the syntactic borrowing in a language makes up 45%, the two languages (borrower and lender) begin to mix. If the lexical borrowing reaches the same level, the language may not necessarily be mixed. The language mixing mechanism comes from the external factors of languages.
文章分析了倒话、五屯话和唐汪话这3 个在中国境内被认为是混合语的语言。我们初步为识别混合语建 立了一个量化的标准。我们提出，句法借贷较之词汇借贷是判定语言是否混合的更可靠的标准。如果某一个语言 的句法借贷达到了45%，那么两个语言（借者和贷者）就会发生混合。如果是词汇借贷达到了同一个程度，语言 不一定发生混合。语言混合的机制来自语言的外在因素。